🚢 How Phone Service Actually Works on a Cruise
Understanding one thing prevents every cruise phone-bill disaster: your phone behaves completely differently at sea and in port. Here's the split that matters.
At sea: airplane mode, ship WiFi or a maritime eSIM. In port: a regional eSIM on local 4G/5G. Either way, your own SIM never roams on the ship network
At Sea (beyond ~12 nautical miles)
- ✗No land networks. Regular eSIMs and SIMs have nothing to connect to.
- ⚠The ship broadcasts its own cell network via satellite, run by a maritime operator — Telenor Maritime on many European fleets, Cellular at Sea / WMS on others. It shows up as "Telenor Maritime", "Cellular at Sea", "WMS" or a 901 code. Your phone joins it automatically if you let it — and your home carrier bills that as maritime roaming.
- ⚠Reported pay-as-you-go rates: roughly $3–7/minute for calls and up to $15–25 per MB of data. One automatic cloud photo backup can cost more than the cruise.
- ✓Three safe ways to handle it: airplane mode (free), a ship wifi package, or a maritime eSIM that buys the same onboard data at a fixed price instead of your carrier's roaming rate. A carrier cruise day pass is a fourth, usually pricier, option.
In Port (docked or tendered)
- ✓Normal land networks are back. Local 4G/5G towers cover every cruise port town.
- ✓Your regional eSIM connects automatically at local rates — maps, video calls, uploads, and ride apps all work at full speed.
- ✓Usually far faster than ship wifi — port-town 4G/5G doesn't share one satellite link with 3,000 passengers.
- ⚠One trap: while docked, the ship's network may still be broadcasting. Make sure your phone is on the local network, not "901" or "Cellular at Sea", before using data.
The formula: 📶 Regional eSIM in every port + 🚢 maritime eSIM or ✈️ airplane mode at sea
The one constant either way: data roaming stays OFF on your home line for the entire voyage.
Data at Sea: What a Maritime eSIM Actually Does
Airplane mode is free, but it also means being unreachable for whole days. The alternative is not to beat the ship's network — it is to buy its data directly, at a price you agree in advance, instead of letting your home carrier bill the same connection as roaming.
Small cells on board
The ship runs its own 3G/4G cells — 5G on a few newer vessels — covering cabins and decks. Your phone treats them like any other mobile network.
Satellite back to shore
Everything crosses one satellite link shared by everyone on board. That link is why maritime data is sold in megabytes rather than tens of gigabytes.
On ~12 nautical miles out
Outside territorial waters the onboard network switches on. Near the coast and in port it stays off, so "no service" alongside the quay is expected, not a fault.
Maritime data packs (eSIMfly)
Data-only, on the ship's onboard network. Live prices, VAT included.
Loading live maritime prices…
Check your ship & see plans✅ Where it works
eSIMfly's maritime plans run on Telenor Maritime. Its published vessel list covered 162 ships and ferries across 30 operators when we checked it on 13 October 2026 — 68 cruise ships and 94 ferries.
Cruise lines: AIDA Cruises, Costa Crociere, Cunard, P&O Cruises, Marella Cruises, TUI Cruises, Viking Ocean Cruises, Swan Hellenic, Crystal Cruises, Mystic Cruises, Phoenix Reisen, Ambassador Cruise Line.
Ferries: DFDS Seaways, Stena Line, Brittany Ferries, Irish Ferries, Color Line, Corsica Ferries, Finnlines, Attica Group, Grimaldi Lines, GNV, Polferries, Fjord Line and more.
⚠️ Where it does not
- Royal Caribbean, MSC, Norwegian, Princess, Holland America, Celebrity and Disney are not on that list — their ships generally use a different maritime operator, and this plan will not connect on them.
- Carnival has only two covered ships (Carnival Firenze and Carnival Venezia). One covered ship never means a covered fleet, so check your exact vessel.
- Not on land. It gives you nothing in port or on excursions — that is what the regional eSIM below is for.
- Data only. No calls or SMS; use WhatsApp, FaceTime or Signal over the data connection instead.
💡 Is it worth it for your sailing?
Buy the maritime pack if you want to stay reachable rather than live online: a ferry crossing, a few check-ins a day at sea, or keeping a second device connected. You pay for an allowance once, nothing expires, and what is left rolls over to the next sailing.
Buy the ship's wifi if you will be online all day, every day. Maritime data works out at roughly $35–46 per gigabyte, so a full-voyage wifi package — P&O Cruises lists Essential WiFi at £20 for 24 hours or £14 per day bought for the whole cruise — is cheaper per gigabyte for heavy use. We would rather say so than pretend otherwise.
Quick Cruise Connectivity Facts
Cellular at Sea Data
Up to $15–25 per MB pay-as-you-go through your own carrier — thousands of dollars per GB
Ship Wifi Cost
Typically $18–38 per day per device; cheaper if pre-booked before sailing
Regional eSIM
From $1.99 total for Europe plans, $7.59 for Caribbean — covers every port
Port Coverage
Every major cruise port town has 4G/5G; signal often reaches the ship at dock
Maritime eSIM
From $11.56 for 250MB of onboard data, no expiry — on 162 covered ships and ferries
30-Day Validity
Regional plans last 30 days — covers pre-cruise hotels and back-to-back sailings
The Cruise Roaming Trap: Why Bills Explode at Sea
📖 A Documented Worst Case (reported by The Register):
A cruise passenger streamed a single American football game through his Slingbox — while the ship was docked — and received a data bill of $28,067.31. He believed he was on an unlimited plan, but his laptop card had silently connected to the ship's onboard cellular network, which bills at international maritime roaming rates. After complaints, his carrier "reduced" the bill — to $6,000.
Why this happens: the ship's network works even at dock and in your cabin. Any device not in airplane mode can attach to it and quietly burn data in the background.
The Three Ways Cruisers Get Burned
💸 The Background-Data Ambush
You never "use" your phone at sea — but photo backups, app refresh, and email sync run on their own. At the $15–25/MB rates industry guides report for Cellular at Sea pay-as-you-go data, 50MB of silent background activity is a four-figure line item.
Most common on night one, before people realize the ship's network exists.
🐌 The Ship Wifi Squeeze
Full-voyage wifi packages run $18–38 per day per device — over $250 for a family of four on a week's sailing, for a connection shared with the entire ship. Even after the Starlink upgrades, one Android Authority reviewer described the connection's stability as "as good as the top floor of a house of cards or eating cotton candy in the rain."
Satellite wifi has improved with Starlink, but it still degrades with weather, congestion, and location.
📅 The Day-Pass Pile-Up
Carrier cruise packages (around $20/day per line with ~0.5GB of usable data) are a fair deal at sea — but cruisers often leave them running for the whole voyage, including port days where the same $20 buys an entire week-long regional eSIM with 10x the data.
A 7-day cruise on day passes: ~$140 per line. A Caribbean eSIM covering every port: from $7.59 total.
✅ How Experienced Cruisers Do It
Before You Sail
- • Install a regional eSIM at home (2 minutes, needs wifi)
- • Plans activate at first use, not at purchase
- • Download offline maps for every port
- • Turn off cloud photo backup over cellular
On the Cruise
- • Sailaway = home-line roaming off; airplane mode on unless you carry a maritime eSIM
- • Sea days: maritime eSIM for messaging, or ship wifi if you need to be fully online
- • In port: airplane mode off, regional eSIM connects to local towers
- • Fast local 4G/5G for maps, calls home, and uploads
- • Ship wifi only if a sea day truly requires internet
💬 From the crew's side: a former cruise-ship crew member interviewed in press coverage described using country eSIMs in each port to save money throughout their contracts — reserving paid ship wifi strictly for days at sea. Crew members, who live on ships year-round, converged on exactly the strategy this guide recommends.
Cruise eSIM Plans & Live Pricing
Match the plan to your itinerary — each regional plan covers every stop in its region, so one purchase covers the whole cruise.
💰 Loading Current Cruise eSIM Prices...
Days at sea? These regional plans cover ports only. For data while actually sailing, add a maritime eSIM if your ship is on the covered list.
Sailing somewhere else? World cruises and exotic itineraries can use a Global plan covering 100+ countries, or browse all destinations for single-country plans (e.g., a Japan plan for a Japan coastal cruise).
The 5-Minute Setup That Prevents Bill Shock
Do this on embarkation day, before sailaway. It takes five minutes and makes a four-figure surprise bill impossible.
Turn OFF data roaming on your home line
iPhone: Settings → Cellular → your home line → Data Roaming off. Android: Settings → Network & Internet → your home SIM → Roaming off. This alone blocks Cellular at Sea data charges on that line.
Disable cloud photo backup over cellular
iPhone: Settings → Photos → Cellular Data off. Android: Google Photos → Settings → Backup → wifi only. Photo backup is the #1 silent data burner on cruises.
At sailaway: airplane mode ON — or the maritime eSIM only
Airplane mode is the master switch: no network, no charges, no exceptions. If you buy ship wifi, turn wifi back on on top of airplane mode; that combination is safe. If you are using a maritime eSIM instead, leave airplane mode off but keep step 1 in force — your home line's roaming stays off, and only the maritime eSIM line has data enabled.
In each port: airplane mode OFF, eSIM data ON
Your regional eSIM finds the local network automatically. Quick check before heavy use: the carrier name in your status bar should be a local operator (Digicel, Flow, TIM, Vodafone, Telcel…) — never "Cellular at Sea", "WMS", or "901". Back on board before sailaway: airplane mode on again.
Quick eSIM Setup for Your Cruise
Buy the plan that matches your itinerary
Caribbean Islands for Caribbean/Bahamas cruises, Europe for Mediterranean/Baltic/Norway, North America for Alaska and the Mexican Riviera. Your QR code arrives by email within minutes.
Install at home, before the cruise
Scan the QR code in Settings → Cellular → Add eSIM (iPhone) or Settings → SIMs (Android) while you still have home wifi. The plan does not start until it first connects to a covered network.
Enable it at your first port
Turn the eSIM line and its data roaming on, drop out of airplane mode, and it connects to the local network automatically. Keep your home line off for data the whole trip.
📱 Compatibility: most phones from 2019 onward support eSIM. Check yours on our compatible devices list before buying, and make sure the phone is carrier-unlocked.
Real Cost Comparison: 7-Night Caribbean Cruise
Typical published rates for one traveler on a week-long sailing with four port days:
| Option | Typical Cost | What You Get |
|---|---|---|
| Cellular at Sea (pay-as-you-go) | $15–25 per MB | Data at sea via satellite; the documented source of five-figure bills |
| Carrier cruise day pass (AT&T / Verizon) | ~$140 (7 × $20/day) | Works at sea and on land, ~0.5GB/day; per line |
| Ship wifi package | $126–266 (7 × $18–38/day) | Internet at sea and in port; shared satellite bandwidth, per device |
| Maritime eSIM (sea days) | $11.56–$40.16 | 250MB–1GB of onboard data at a fixed price, no expiry; covered ships and ferries only |
| Regional eSIM (port days) | $7.59–25.54 total | 1–5GB of fast local 4G/5G in every port on the itinerary, 30-day validity |
The honest version: the two eSIMs cover different halves of the trip. For the port days where you explore, navigate and share photos, a regional eSIM does the job for roughly 5–10% of what ship wifi costs. For sea days, a maritime eSIM is the cheap way to stay reachable; if you intend to be online all day, a full-voyage ship wifi package is still cheaper per gigabyte than any satellite-backed data allowance.
Which Plan for Which Cruise?
🏝️ Caribbean & Bahamas → Caribbean Islands plan
Covers 26 territories including the big cruise stops: Bahamas (Nassau), Jamaica (Ocho Rios, Falmouth), Cayman Islands, Aruba, Curaçao, St. Maarten, St. Lucia, Barbados, Puerto Rico (San Juan), Turks and Caicos, Antigua, Grenada, Trinidad and Panama.
Note: the Dominican Republic (Amber Cove, Taino Bay) is NOT in this plan - add a Dominican Republic plan for those calls. Cozumel and Costa Maya are Mexico — covered by the North America plan or a Mexico plan. Western Caribbean itineraries mixing Mexico with the islands may need both, or a Global plan.
⛵ Mediterranean, Baltic & Norwegian Fjords → Europe plan
One plan for 40 countries: Spain (Barcelona, Palma), France (Marseille), Italy (Civitavecchia, Naples, Venice), Greece (Piraeus, Santorini, Mykonos), Croatia (Dubrovnik), Malta, Montenegro (Kotor) — plus Baltic stops (Copenhagen, Tallinn, Helsinki, Stockholm) and the Norwegian fjords (Bergen, Geiranger, Ålesund, Stavanger). UK sailings from Southampton are covered too.
Turkey stops (Kusadasi, Istanbul): check plan coverage before sailing or add a Turkey plan.
🏔️ Alaska & Mexican Riviera → North America plan
USA, Canada, and Mexico on one plan. Alaska cruises: Vancouver or Seattle departure, then Juneau, Skagway, Ketchikan, and Icy Strait Point all covered. Mexican Riviera: Cabo San Lucas, Puerto Vallarta, Mazatlán covered on the same plan.
Scenic-only areas (Glacier Bay, Hubbard Glacier, Tracy Arm) have no land coverage at all — that's airplane-mode scenery time on any provider.
How Much Data Does a Port Day Use?
Cruise data usage is concentrated: you use nothing at sea and a burst in each port. Budget per port day, not per cruise day.
💬 Light Port Day (~300–500MB)
- • Google Maps walking navigation: ~100–150MB
- • WhatsApp messages and a short call home: ~50MB
- • Restaurant lookups, translations, tickets: ~50MB
- • A batch of photos to the family group chat: ~100MB
📱 Typical Port Day (~800MB–1.5GB)
Everything above, plus:
- • A WhatsApp/FaceTime video call home: ~200–400MB
- • Social media posting and scrolling: ~300–500MB
- • Ride apps, excursion check-ins, music streaming on the beach: ~200MB
🎥 Heavy Port Day (2–3.5GB)
- • Reels/story uploads and video content: 1–2GB
- • Cloud photo sync of the day's shots: ~500MB–1GB
- • Hotspot for a travel partner's phone: doubles everything
🚢 Sea Day on a Maritime eSIM (~30–80MB)
Maritime data is priced per megabyte, so budget it like a text message bundle, not like a data plan:
- • WhatsApp text messages and a few photos home: ~20–40MB
- • Email sync and a quick news check: ~20–30MB
- • A short voice call over WhatsApp: ~10MB per 10 minutes
- • Not video streaming, cloud photo backup or app updates — switch those off before sailing
On that pattern, a 250MB pack covers roughly three to five sea days of staying reachable, and a 1GB pack comfortably covers a full week.
Rule of thumb: 1GB per port day is a comfortable budget for most cruisers. A 4-port Caribbean week fits a 5GB plan; a 6-port Mediterranean sailing fits 10GB with room to spare. Sea days are the opposite — budget in megabytes.
Cruise eSIM Troubleshooting
❌ "My phone shows 'Cellular at Sea' or '901' while we're docked"
✅ Solution:
- 1. The ship's network keeps broadcasting at dock — your phone picked it over the land network.
- 2. Go to Settings → Cellular → Network Selection, turn off Automatic, and manually pick a local operator.
- 3. Or simply toggle airplane mode off/on once you're off the gangway — closer to town, the local network wins.
- 4. Re-enable Automatic selection when you leave port.
❌ "eSIM shows signal but no internet in port"
✅ Solution:
- 1. Check that Data Roaming is ON for the eSIM line (travel eSIMs technically roam onto local networks — this switch is required).
- 2. Confirm the eSIM is selected as your data line, not your home SIM.
- 3. Toggle airplane mode to force a fresh connection.
- 4. See our full network troubleshooting guide.
❌ "No signal at a tender port / private island beach"
✅ What's happening:
Tender anchorages and private-island beaches can sit at the edge of tower range. Signal usually improves closer to the town or facilities. Remote scenic areas (Glacier Bay, some fjord arms) genuinely have zero coverage on any network — download offline maps beforehand and enjoy the view.
❌ "Can I receive calls and texts to my normal number in port?"
✅ Solution:
Travel eSIMs are data-only. Keep your home SIM enabled for calls/SMS (voice roaming rates apply on land — usually far cheaper than at sea), or use WhatsApp/FaceTime/wifi-calling over the eSIM data connection, which costs nothing beyond data.
❌ "I bought ship wifi — do I still need airplane mode?"
✅ Solution:
Yes, unless you are deliberately using a maritime eSIM. Ship wifi and the ship's cellular network are separate systems. The safe combination is airplane mode ON with wifi re-enabled on top — you get the internet you paid for with zero risk of cellular roaming charges.
❌ "My maritime eSIM shows no service at sea"
✅ Work through this order:
- 1. Are you far enough out? The onboard network only switches on roughly 12 nautical miles offshore. In port and near the coast, no service is the expected state.
- 2. Is Data Roaming ON for the maritime eSIM line? The plan technically roams onto the ship's network, so this switch is required.
- 3. Is the eSIM selected as your data line? Not your home SIM, which should still have roaming off.
- 4. Select the network manually. Settings → Cellular → Network Selection, turn Automatic off, and pick Telenor Maritime (it can appear as "901 12").
- 5. Check the ship. If the vessel is not on the covered list, the plan genuinely cannot connect — verify before sailing on the maritime eSIM page.
📖 Cruise Data Scenarios: What Different Cruisers Actually Need
These example scenarios are based on typical usage patterns cruisers report in forums like Cruise Critic and Reddit. See how much data different cruise styles use, port by port, including the lessons that come up again and again in real trip reports.
The Martinez Family
7-Night Western Caribbean Cruise
Miami → Cozumel → Grand Cayman → Jamaica → Miami
Port-by-Port Data Use
Lessons Learned
- ✓Sharing one eSIM via hotspot in port kept costs to a single plan for four people
- ✓Airplane mode at sea meant zero surprise charges — the kids' phones stayed in airplane mode the whole week
- ✓Ship wifi was skipped entirely; two sea days without internet turned out to be the best part of the vacation
Plan Used
Caribbean Islands 5GB / 30 days plan
Savings
vs. $20/day per line carrier cruise packages for 4 lines
One plan, one hotspot, whole family connected in every port. The math wasn't even close.
James & Emma
10-Night Mediterranean Honeymoon Cruise
Barcelona → Marseille → Rome → Santorini → Athens
Port-by-Port Data Use
Lessons Learned
- ✓One Europe plan worked in Spain, France, Italy, and Greece — no swapping, no per-country setup
- ✓Data roaming stayed off at sea; the eSIM reconnected automatically within minutes of docking each morning
- ✓Buying the bigger plan up front beat topping up mid-cruise — price per GB drops fast at higher tiers
Plan Used
Europe 10GB / 30 days plan
Savings
vs. ~$120 in carrier day passes ($12/day × 10 days)
Five countries, one eSIM, zero thought given to roaming. Exactly what a honeymoon needs.
David & Susan
7-Night Alaska Cruise (Retired Couple)
Vancouver → Juneau → Skagway → Glacier Bay → Ketchikan → Vancouver
Port-by-Port Data Use
Lessons Learned
- ✓A North America plan covered both the Canadian start and every Alaskan port — one plan for the whole route
- ✓Coverage returned surprisingly close to shore; phones connected while still sailing into port
- ✓Glacier Bay has no service at all — download offline maps and entertainment before sailing
Plan Used
North America 5GB / 30 days plan
Savings
vs. $140 in cruise day passes for two phones
We only needed internet in port, and that's exactly what we paid for. Nothing wasted.
Rachel
5-Night Working Cruise (Remote Worker)
Fort Lauderdale → Nassau → Half Moon Cay → Fort Lauderdale
Port-by-Port Data Use
Lessons Learned
- ✓Port days on eSIM data were dramatically faster than ship wifi for video calls and uploads
- ✓Buying ship wifi for only the single sea day I truly needed it — instead of the full-voyage package — cut the wifi bill by more than half
- ✓Scheduling heavy work for port mornings and keeping sea days light made the whole week workable
Plan Used
Caribbean Islands plan + 1 day of ship wifi
Savings
vs. full-cruise wifi package at $25-38/day for 5 days
The hybrid approach — eSIM in port, ship wifi only when truly stuck at sea — is the only setup that made working from a cruise affordable.
Sofia
12-Night Norwegian Fjords Cruise (Content Creator)
Southampton → Bergen → Geiranger → Ålesund → Stavanger → Southampton
Port-by-Port Data Use
Lessons Learned
- ✓Norway's 4G/5G in port towns was faster than the ship wifi by a wide margin — uploads that failed on ship wifi went through in minutes in Bergen
- ✓Editing at sea and uploading in port became a rhythm that actually improved the content schedule
- ✓One Europe plan covered the UK start and every Norwegian port — no border admin at 6am arrivals
Plan Used
Europe 20GB / 30 days plan
Savings
vs. premium ship wifi package for 12 nights
Port wifi sprints on eSIM data kept my posting schedule alive for 12 days. Ship wifi alone would have sunk it.
Quick Reference: How Much Data for Your Cruise?
Short Cruise (3-5 nights)
2-3GB
1-3 port days of maps, messaging, and photo sharing. Airplane mode at sea.
Week-Long Cruise (6-9 nights)
5-10GB
4-6 port days including video calls, shore excursion bookings, and daily uploads.
Long Cruise / Heavy Use (10+ nights)
15-20GB
Many ports, content creation, remote work in port, or family hotspot sharing.
💡 All regional plans run 30 days, so one plan easily covers back-to-back cruises or pre/post-cruise hotel stays.
Cruise eSIM FAQ
Does an eSIM work on a cruise ship at sea?
An ordinary travel eSIM does not — land networks reach roughly 5-10 miles offshore at best. A maritime eSIM does: it connects to the ship's own onboard network instead of shore towers, and we sell one for the 162 ships and ferries where Telenor Maritime is installed. Your other options at sea are ship wifi, a carrier cruise day pass, or airplane mode — and a regional eSIM takes over the moment you reach port, which is where most cruisers use the most data.
Can one eSIM really cover every port on my cruise?
Yes, when the regional plan matches the itinerary: Caribbean Islands plans cover 30+ islands, Europe plans cover 50+ countries, and North America plans cover the USA, Canada, and Mexico. Check the coverage list on the plan page against your ports before buying — mixed itineraries (e.g., Western Caribbean with Mexican ports) sometimes need a Global plan instead.
When should I install and activate the eSIM?
Install at home over wifi before you travel — it takes about two minutes. The plan and its validity period only start when the eSIM first connects to a covered network at your first port, so installing early costs you nothing.
Will the eSIM work while the ship is docked?
Usually yes — port towns' towers typically reach ships at the pier, so many cruisers get local data from their balcony before breakfast. Just confirm the phone is on a local operator rather than the ship's 'Cellular at Sea' network before using data heavily.
Is ship wifi ever worth buying?
Yes — for sea days, if you need to be online. Modern Starlink-equipped ships are far better than the old satellite systems, though speed still varies with weather and congestion. The cost-effective pattern is: eSIM for port days, single-day wifi passes only for the sea days you truly need.
What about back-to-back cruises or a hotel stay before the cruise?
Regional plans run 30 days from first use, so one plan comfortably covers a pre-cruise city stay, the sailing itself, and a second leg. Top-ups are available if you burn through the data early.
Can I hotspot my travel companions from one eSIM?
Yes, hotspot/tethering works on eSIMfly plans. Families often run one larger plan (10-20GB) on one phone and share it in port — usually the cheapest way to connect everyone, at the cost of draining the host phone's battery faster.
Do I need a special maritime eSIM for sea coverage?
Only if you want data while actually sailing. A maritime eSIM connects to the ship's own onboard network instead of shore towers, so it works out at sea where a normal travel eSIM cannot. It inherits satellite pricing — roughly $35–46 per gigabyte — so it is the right buy for staying reachable, not for living online. If being offline on sea days is fine, the port-day regional eSIM plus disciplined airplane mode still covers most of a cruise at a fraction of the cost.
Which cruise lines and ferries does the maritime eSIM work on?
Only vessels running the Telenor Maritime network. Its published list covered 162 ships and ferries across 30 operators when we checked on 13 October 2026 — AIDA, Costa, Cunard, P&O Cruises, Marella, TUI Cruises, Viking Ocean, Swan Hellenic, Crystal, Mystic, Phoenix Reisen and Ambassador, plus ferry operators including DFDS, Stena Line, Brittany Ferries, Irish Ferries, Color Line and Corsica Ferries. Royal Caribbean, MSC, Norwegian, Princess, Holland America, Celebrity and Disney are not on it, and Carnival has just two covered ships — so check your exact vessel, not just the cruise line.
Does maritime data expire if I do not use it all?
No. The maritime packs carry no expiry date, so whatever is left stays on the eSIM for your next sailing — including a different ship or ferry on the covered list. Data is only consumed when your phone is actually connected to the onboard network at sea.
Ready for Your Cruise?
Cover both halves of the trip: a regional plan for every port, and a maritime plan for the days at sea if your ship is on the covered list.